NỒNG ĐỘ VITAMIN D KHÔNG ĐẦY ĐỦ Ở TRẺ VIÊM PHỔI TỪ 2–60 THÁNG TUỔI TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG THÀNH PHỐ CẦN THƠ

Abstract

Background: Vitamin D plays an important role in respiratory immune regulation, and inadequate vitamin D status may increase the risk of pneumonia in young children. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of inadequate vitamin D levels among children aged 2–60 months with pneumonia at Can Tho City Pediatric Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 188 children aged 2–60 months diagnosed with pneumonia and treated at Can Tho City Pediatric Hospital. Results: The mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was 34.12±11.20 ng/mL; the prevalence of inadequate vitamin D was 34.0% (insufficiency 22.3%, deficiency 11.7%). Children aged 2–12 months had a significantly higher risk of inadequate vitamin D than those aged 12–60 months (OR=3.86; p<0.001), while no significant difference was observed by sex (p>0.05). Inadequate vitamin D status was also significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding, lack of daily sunlight exposure, no vitamin D supplementation during the first 6 months, and a history of pneumonia (p<0.05). Conclusion: Inadequate vitamin D remains common among young children with pneumonia and is associated with modifiable feeding and preventive factors, suggesting the need for appropriate supplementation and sunlight exposure in at-risk groups.