THỰC TRẠNG TUÂN THỦ ĐIỀU TRỊ THUỐC KHÁNG VI RÚT (ARV) VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH HIV/AIDS TUỔI 18–39 TẠI XÃ GIỒNG RIỀNG, TỈNH AN GIANG

Abstract

Background: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial for viral suppression, prevention of drug resistance, and improved quality of life among people living with HIV/AIDS. Young patients (18–39 years) frequently face barriers related to knowledge, occupation, economic pressure, and psychological factors, potentially affecting treatment adherence. Objective: To describe ART adherence and identify associated factors among HIV/AIDS patients aged 18–39 years receiving outpatient treatment in Giong Rieng Commune, An Giang Province. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 130 patients selected through total sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire covering sociodemographic characteristics, ART knowledge, treatment-related factors, and the 11-item GMAS adherence scale. Descriptive analysis, Chi-square/Fisher tests, and multivariate logistic regression were applied to determine associated factors with a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The mean age was 30.5 ± 5.6 years; males accounted for 78.5%. The ART adherence rate was 36.9%, while 63.1% were non-adherent. Significant associated factors included educational level (p < 0.05), correct ART knowledge (p < 0.01), treatment duration > 3 years (p < 0.05), appointment adherence (p < 0.01), viral load < 200 copies/ml (p < 0.01), and presence of side effects (p < 0.05). Conclusion: ART adherence among young HIV/AIDS patients remains low. Adequate ART knowledge and suppressed viral load are key determinants of adherence. Enhanced counseling, monitoring, and tailored interventions are essential to support this patient group.