NGHIÊN CỨU SỰ THAY ĐỔI DỊCH TỄ HỌC Ở BỆNH NHÂN ĐỘT QUỴ NÃO ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN QUÂN Y 105, NĂM 2025

Abstract

The study was conducted on 120 patients diagnosed with strokes (Cerebrovascular Accident - CVA) who were admitted for emergency care and treated at Military Hospital 105 - Son Tay Ward - Ha Noi City, between Januaray and December, 2025. Results showed that the most common age group was 40 - 59 years old (63,3% or 76/120), followed by those over the age of 60 (23.3% or 28/120). Male patients were more prevalent than females (70.5% vs 29.5%). Most patients had an educational level of junior high school or above (98.4%). The prevalence of smoking was 65%, alcohol consumption 66,7%, hypertension 60%, diabetes mellitus 30%, dyslipidemia 61.7%, obesity 60%, and chronic heart disease 46.7%. The majority of patients lived with their families (98.3%) and 68.3% resided in rural areas. The most common time from symptom onset to disease occurrence was within 0 - 12 hours (56.6%). Sudden onset was predominant (85%), stroke most frequently occurred during rest (81.6%) and hospital admission more than 6 hours after onset accounted for 55% of cases. Headache, dizziness, numbness and speech disorder were the most common prodromal symptoms. Common neurological manifestations included impaired consciousness (86.6%), hemiplegia (98.3%), cranial nerve palsy (58.3%), sensory disorders (80%) and language disorders (83.3%). Neuroimaging showed cerebral infarction in 90% of cases. The most frequent lesion location was the basal ganglia-internal capsule region (56.6%). Single-lesion injuries were predominant (85%), lesion diameter ≤ 3 cm accounted for 60% and midline shift was observed in 43.4% of patients. There were notable changes in the distribution of several epidemiological factors of stroke compared with previous studies. Promoting health education, counseling, treatment and rehabilitation for stroke patients at both hospital and community levels is essential.