NHIỄM TRÙNG THẦN KINH LIÊN QUAN PHẪU THUẬT ĐẶT DẪN LƯU NÃO THẤT Ở TRẺ EM VÀ GIẢI PHÁP CẢI THIỆN KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI TRUNG ƯƠNG

Abstract

Background: Post-neurosurgical bacterial meningitis (PNM) is a severe complication frequently observed in patients with intracranial devices or ventricular drainage systems. In recent years, global research has increasingly focused on the causative pathogens, treatment challenges, prognosis, and therapeutic outcomes associated with this condition. Objectives: To describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics, etiological agents, and antimicrobial resistance patterns in pediatric patients with meningitis associated with ventriculoperitoneal shunt at the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital. Subjects and Methods: A combined retrospective and prospective study was conducted at the Vietnam National Children’s Hospital from January 2020 to September 2025. The study population included pediatric patients aged from 1 month to under 15 years, diagnosed with post-neurosurgical meningitis following ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement. Results: A total of 46 patients were included during the study period. The most common pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae (32,61%), Staphylococcus aureus (15,22%), and Escherichia coli (15,22%), with a high prevalence of multidrug resistance. The overall mortality rate was 6.5%. Conclusions: Multidrug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria are emerging as the predominant causative agents of post-neurosurgical bacterial meningitis. Their high resistance rates represent a major contributor to treatment failure and increased mortality.