TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH UNG THƯ PHỔI TRƯỚC PHẪU THUẬT TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHẠM NGỌC THẠCH

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of malnutrition and its associated factors among patients with lung cancer undergoing preoperative evaluation at Pham Ngoc Thach Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 lung cancer patients scheduled for surgical treatment. Data were collected through direct interviews and medical record reviews. Nutritional status was assessed using body mass index (BMI), serum albumin, and the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA). Results: The prevalence of malnutrition among preoperative lung cancer patients was notably high. Based on the PG-SGA, 78.2% of patients were malnourished, including 67.3% with moderate malnutrition (PG-SGA B) and 10.9% with severe malnutrition (PG-SGA C). Lower prevalence rates were observed when assessed using BMI (45.5% with BMI < 18.5 kg/m²) and serum albumin (25.5% with albumin < 35 g/L). Factors significantly associated with malnutrition according to the PG-SGA included age ≥ 60 years (1.32-fold increased risk; p = 0.01; 95% CI: 1.05–1.65) and advanced disease stage (stage III or higher), which was associated with a 1.75-fold increased risk (p = 0.02; 95% CI: 1.11–2.76). Malnutrition also had a substantial impact on postoperative outcomes: malnourished patients had a longer median hospital stay (17 vs. 12.5 days; p = 0.002) and a 3.07-fold higher risk of surgical site infection (p < 0.001; 95% CI: 1.38–6.80). Conclusion: Malnutrition is highly prevalent among lung cancer patients prior to surgery, particularly when assessed using the PG-SGA. Implementation of standardized preoperative nutritional screening and timely nutritional intervention is essential to reduce postoperative complications and improve surgical outcomes.