NGHIÊN CỨU MỐI LIÊN HỆ GIỮA ĐẶC ĐIỂM CHẨN ĐOÁN HÌNH ẢNH VÀ TÍNH CHẤT GIẢI PHẪU BỆNH Ở BỆNH NHÂN U NÃO VÙNG TUYẾN TÙNG

Abstract

Background: The pineal region contains a wide variety of histological tissues; therefore, tumors arising in this area exhibit highly diverse pathological characteristics. In this study, we conducted a retrospective descriptive analysis to correlate imaging features with histopathological characteristics of pineal region tumors that were surgically treated in 60 patients, and to provide observations that may be useful for clinical practice. Materials and Methods: This retrospective descriptive study included 60 patients with pineal region tumors, analyzing common clinical characteristics and imaging findings. Microsurgical tumor resection was performed with neuronavigation and endoscopic assistance. Histopathological results of pineal region tumors were analyzed, and correlations between imaging characteristics and the benign or malignant nature of the tumors were evaluated. Results: Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain were insufficient to reliably distinguish between benign and malignant pineal region tumors in the majority of cases. Certain imaging features were noted: calcification within the pineal gland was more frequently observed in malignant tumors, whereas the absence of intratumoral calcification was more common in benign tumors; tumors invading or involving the suprasellar region or brainstem were usually malignant; tumors with a butterfly-shaped appearance on MRI were most commonly germ cell tumors on histopathological examination; benign pineal region tumors tended to be larger in size than malignant tumors. However, tumor size alone was not a reliable indicator of the benign or malignant nature of pineal region tumors.