ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ HÌNH ẢNH HỌC BỆNH NHÂN CHẢY MÁU NÃO CẤP TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI GIAI ĐOẠN 2024-2025

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical and imaging characteristics of patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) at Bach Mai Hospital during the period 2024-2025. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 208 patients diagnosed with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) at Bach Mai Hospital from August 2024 to August 2025. Results: The mean age of the patients was 64.5±13.1 years, with a male predominance and a male-to-female ratio of 1.9:1. The prevalence of hypertension on admission was 88.9%, of which 25.5% were classified as hypertensive emergencies. The mean Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score on admission was 12±3, and the mean National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score was 15±11, indicating that most patients presented with moderate to severe impairment of consciousness and neurological deficits. Regarding imaging characteristics, the mean hematoma volume was 39.63 ml. Deep intracerebral hemorrhage was the most common location (58.7%), followed by lobar hemorrhage (24%) and infratentorial hemorrhage (17.3%). Concomitant intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) was observed in 48.56% of cases. Patients with IVH had a markedly larger hematoma volume compared with those without IVH. Conclusion: Acute intracerebral hemorrhage in this study was predominantly observed in elderly patients, particularly males, with a high prevalence of hypertension on admission. Imaging characteristics were mainly deep hemorrhage with relatively large hematoma volumes and a high rate of intraventricular extension. These features reflect the severity of the disease and are important for the assessment and management of patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage.