MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA TỔN THƯƠNG TRÊN PHIM CHỤP CẮT LỚP VI TÍNH VÀ TÌNH TRẠNG LÂM SÀNG Ở BỆNH NHI CHẤN THƯƠNG SỌ NÃO

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the characteristics of lesions on cranial computed tomography (CT scans) and the relationship between CT scan lesion morphology and clinical severity in pediatric patients with traumatic brain injury. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective, descriptive, and analytical study was conducted on 72 pediatric patients with traumatic brain injury treated at Thai Binh Pediatric Hospital from January 1, 2021, to December 31, 2025. Epidemiological characteristics, causes of injury, GCS scores upon admission, and types of lesions on cranial CT scans were collected. The distribution of CT lesions by GCS group was compared; statistical testing was performed with a significance level of p<0.05. Results: The most common age group was 11-15 years old (55.6%), with males predominating (69.4%). The leading cause of injury was traffic accidents (82.9%), followed by domestic accidents (12.0%). The majority of pediatric patients had mild traumatic brain injury (GCS 13-15 points, accounting for 77.8%). On CT scans, the brain injuries encountered included skull fracture/depression (36.1%), epidural hematoma (16.7%), brain contusion/hemorrhage (13.9%), and 22.2% showed no apparent intracranial injury. Conclusion: Diffuse or combined intracranial injuries on CT scans were strongly associated with low GCS scores, while focal injuries were mainly found in the high GCS group. This difference was statistically significant (p<0.0001). CT scans play a crucial role in assessing the severity and guiding initial management for pediatric traumatic brain injury.