CLINICAL AND PARACLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PYRIFORM SINUS CANCER
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Abstract
Background: Hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) is a rare malignancy, with approximately 85,000 new cases and over 38,000 deaths reported globally, accounting for about 0.4% of all cancer incidences and mortalities. Pyriform sinus cancer (PSC) constitutes over 80% of all HPC cases. The prognosis for PSC is relatively poor, as it is often diagnosed in advanced stages.
Objectives: To investigate the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of pyriform sinus cancer.
Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on a case series of 31 patients with pyriform sinus cancer at Cho Ray Hospital from 2024 to 2025. Data were collected from medical records, imaging studies (CT/MRI), and post-operative histopathological reports. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software.
Results: Thirty-one patients with pyriform sinus carcinoma met the inclusion criteria for the study. All patients (100%) were male, with a mean age of 61.4 years. The prevalence of smoking and alcohol consumption was 93.5% and 80.6%, respectively. Dysphagia was present in 100% of patients. Tumors measuring 2–4 cm accounted for 71% of cases, and 54.8% of patients were classified as stage T3. The rate of pathologically confirmed cervical lymph node metastasis was 80.6%. The occult metastasis rate was 40%. Bilateral cervical lymph node metastasis accounted for 32% of all nodal metastases. Stage IV disease was the most prevalent, accounting for 67.8% of cases
Conclusion: Pyriform sinus cancer is often detected at a late stage and has a very high rate of cervical lymph node metastasis. Dysphagia is the most common clinical symptom. The majority of cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage.
Keywords
Pyriform sinus cancer, cervical lymph node metastasis
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References
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