ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG U WILMS Ở TRẺ EM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG 2

Abstract

Introduction: Wilms tumor is the most common malignant renal tumor in children. Early recognition of clinical features and accurate subclinical staging are crucial for treatment planning. However, detailed reports on the clinical and histopathological characteristics of pediatric Wilms tumor in Vietnam remain limited.

Subjects and Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 52 patients under 16 years old histopathologically diagnosed with Wilms tumor at Children’s Hospital 2 from January 2018 to December 2024. Clinical, imaging, and histopathological data were collected and analyzed using SPSS 26.0.

Results: The male-to-female ratio was 1.17:1, with the 2–5 age group accounting for 63.4%. The most prominent clinical symptom was an abdominal mass (94.2%). Bilateral kidney involvement occurred at similar rates. The average initial tumor volume (pre-chemotherapy) was 357.1 cm³. Subclinically, most cases were staged as II (38.5%) and III (32.7%). Intermediate-risk histology accounted for 86.5% of cases, with the mixed type being the most prevalent (51.9%).

Conclusion: Pediatric Wilms tumor typically presents in preschool-aged children with a large abdominal mass. Most tumors exhibit intermediate-risk histology and are diagnosed at localized or regional advanced stages.