ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG CỦA SỐT XUẤT HUYẾT DENGUE Ở NGƯỜI CAO TUỔI ĐIỀU TRỊ NỘI TRÚ

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of older adults with dengue and to explore factors associated with disease severity.

Methods: A prospective observational longitudinal study was conducted on 444 hospitalized patients with dengue at the National Hospital for Tropical Diseases, Vietnam, during 2024-2025. Patients were categorized into two age groups: <60 years (n=217) and ≥ 60 years (n=227). Collected variables included baseline characteristics, clinical manifestations at admission, laboratory parameters (platelet count and AST), and selected treatment interventions. Comparisons between groups were performed using appropriate statistical tests with a significance level of p<0.05.

Results: Older adults had significantly higher rates of comorbidities, particularly hypertension (38.8%) and diabetes (21.1%). The proportion of high fever (≥ 39°C) was lower in the ≥ 60 group compared with the younger group (4.4% vs 19.4%). Platelet counts were markedly lower in older adults both at admission (30.0 vs 92.0 G/L) and at nadir during hospitalization (15.0 vs 42.0 G/L; p<0.001). Elevated AST levels, platelet transfusion, and antibiotic use were more frequent among older adults.

Conclusion: Older adults with dengue tend to present with less typical clinical manifestations but demonstrate more pronounced thrombocytopenia and liver enzyme elevation. Close monitoring of laboratory parameters, particularly platelet count and AST, is important for assessing disease severity in this population.