CHARACTERISTICS OF BACTERIAL ETIOLOGIES OF BLOODSTREAM INFECTIONS IN HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS AT VINMEC TIMES CITY INTERNATIONAL HOSPITAL, 2019 - 2021
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Abstract
Objective: To describe the characteristics and distribution of bacterial etiologies of bloodstream infections according to selected clinical factors at Vinmec Times City International Hospital during the period 2019 - 2021.
Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 336 hospitalized patients with positive blood cultures from January 2019 to December 2021. Clinical data were collected from medical records, and microbiological data were extracted from the laboratory information system. Blood samples were cultured using the automated blood culture system BacT/ALERT® 3D 120 (bioMérieux, France). Bacterial isolates were identified by MALDI Biotyper (Bruker, Germany) according to the manufacturer’s standard operating procedures. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 30.
Results: Gram-negative bacteria predominated over Gram-positive bacteria (68.7% vs. 31.3%). Escherichia coli was the most common pathogen (31.8%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (15.8%) and Staphylococcus aureus (13.7%). The distribution of pathogens varied significantly across hospital departments (p < 0.05), with the intensive care unit accounting for the highest number of isolates. According to the primary source of infection, Escherichia coli was predominant in urinary tract and intra-abdominal infections. Among 31 patients with septic shock (9.2%), Escherichia coli remained the leading pathogen (41.9%).
Conclusion: Gram-negative bacteria predominated in bloodstream infections, with Escherichia coli identified as the leading pathogen. The distribution of bacterial etiologies varied across hospital departments and primary infection sites; Escherichia coli was particularly prominent in urinary tract infections, intra-abdominal infections, and among patients with septic shock. These findings highlight the important role of Gram-negative bacteria in guiding empirical antibiotic therapy at the hospital.
Keywords
bloodstream infection, bacterial etiology, Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, Vietnam
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References
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