LOẠN SẢN PHẾ QUẢN PHỔI Ở TRẺ SƠ SINH RẤT NON TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG 1 VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN: MỘT NGHIÊN CỨU THEO DÕI DỌC

Abstract

Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic lung disease in extremely preterm infants, associated with prolonged hospitalization and a substantial burden of respiratory morbidity after discharge. Given its significant impact on both short- and long-term outcomes, identifying associated factors is clinically relevant for recognizing high-risk populations and optimizing intervention strategies.

Objective: To identify factors associated with bronchopulmonary dysplasia among preterm infants <32 weeks’ gestation treated at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Children’s Hospital 1.

Methods: A longitudinal follow-up study (08/2024–10/2025). The BPD analysis included 83 infants with sufficient data for outcome assessment. BPD (any severity) was analyzed as a binary outcome (yes/no). Associated factors were examined using multivariable logistic regression, reporting odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: The BPD rate was 41.0% (34/83). Three independent factors were associated with BPD: small for gestational age (SGA) (OR=6.63; 95% CI 1.13–38.78; p=0.036), invasive mechanical ventilation on DOL 14 with FiO₂ ≥25% (OR=4.78; 95% CI 1.54–14.82; p=0.007), and cumulative duration of parenteral nutrition ≥18 days (OR=3.06; 95% CI 1.08–8.65; p=0.035).

Conclusions: Among preterm infants <32 weeks’ gestation, SGA, ongoing invasive ventilation with higher oxygen requirement at DOL 14, and prolonged parenteral nutrition were independently associated with BPD. These factors may help early risk stratification to prioritize monitoring and optimize interventions.