ASSESSMENT OF ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE AND MRSA PREVALENCE OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AT THE NATIONAL HOSPITAL OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY, 2024–2025
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Abstract
Objectives: This study aims to characterize the isolation and assess the level of antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from inpatients (Wards D1, D2, D3) and outpatients (Outpatient Ward) at the National Hospital of Dermatology and Venereology (NHDV) during the period 2024–2025.
Subjects and Methods: This study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design. The research subjects comprised 158 Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from patient specimens, primarily pus from abscesses, wounds, and burns (accounting for 88.0%), of patients who visited NHDV for examination and treatment from January 2024 to June 2025. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method (Kirby-Bauer), interpreted according to CLSI M100.
Results: Out of the total 158 S. aureus strains, the MRSA rate was 67.7%. Classical antibiotics showed very high resistance rates, including penicillin (98.7%), azithromycin (90.5%), and clindamycin (88.6%). Conversely, linezolid maintained absolute efficacy against all susceptible strains (100% susceptible). Doxycycline (1.3% resistant) and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (23.4% resistant) remain suitable options for treating community infections. The Multidrug Resistance (MDR) rate was high and had varying distributions: Ward D3 (Male Dermatology Treatment) recorded the highest MRSA and MDR rates (80.0% MRSA; 95.0% MDR), while Ward D1 (Surgery Ward) had the lowest MRSA rate (58.8% MRSA; 88.2% MDR). In comparison, MRSA exhibited a significantly broader resistance spectrum, while MSSA still maintained good susceptibility to common oral antibiotics.
Conclusion: S. aureus isolates at the NHDV showed high rates of MRSA and MDR, particularly concentrated in inpatient wards (D1, D2, D3). This situation necessitates close monitoring of antibiotic resistance and enhanced infection control measures in treatment wards. Linezolid demonstrates absolute efficacy but must be preserved as a critical antibiotic for treating multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections. This data reinforces the need to develop differentiated treatment protocols for MRSA and MSSA, prioritizing doxycycline and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for MSSA strains, while simultaneously promoting strict antimicrobial stewardship programs to address the community MRSA challenge.
Keywords
Skin infection, Staphylococcus aureus, S. aureus, MRSA
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References
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