NGHIÊN CỨU NỒNG ĐỘ MỘT SỐ HORMON SINH DỤC VÀ MỐI LIÊN QUAN VỚI HỘI CHỨNG CHUYỂN HÓA Ở LAO ĐỘNG NỮ TỪ 45 TUỔI TRỞ LÊN ĐANG LÀM VIỆC TẠI BỆNH VIỆN THANH NHÀN

Abstract

Decreased female sex hormones in pre-menopause and menopause is the cause of a significant increase in non-communicable diseases, cardiovascular diseases, metabolic diseases... Objective: Determination of concentrations of some sex hormones (Estradiol (E2), Progesterone, FSH, LH, SHBG) and their association with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in female workers aged 45 and over working at Thanh Nhan Hospital. Subjects and methods: A descriptive study was conducted on 88 female healthcare workers aged ≥45 years working at Thanh Nhan Hospital from March to October 2025. Plasma concentrations of LH, FSH, progesterone, E2, and SHBG were measured using the Cobas E602 system (Roche). Results: FSH and LH concentrations increased progressively from the menstruating group to the perimenopausal and menopausal groups. Median values and interquartile ranges were 7.3 (5.1), 9.1 (19.2), and 55.6 (42.5) IU/L for FSH, and 4.6 (6.5), 9.0 (10.5), and 30.5 (24.15) IU/L for LH, respectively, with p<0.001. In contrast, E2 levels decreased markedly across the three groups, with corresponding values of 49.5 (243.2), 64.1 (107.9), and 7.3 (9.5) pg/mL, with p<0.001. Increased LH concentrations in night-shift workers were observed only in the menopausal group, with p<0.05. The prevalence of MetS was 14.8%. No significant differences in sex hormone concentrations were found between participants with and without MetS, with p>0.05. Conclusion: FSH and LH increased from the menstruating to perimenopausal and menopausal groups, whereas E2 decreased. LH and FSH distinguished menstruating from menopausal women with 100% specificity and sensitivities of 70.5% and 81.8%, respectively. Night-shift-related hormonal changes were observed only in menopausal women. No significant differences in sex hormone concentrations were found between women with and without MetS.