EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A FOR THE TREATMENT OF GLABELLAR LINES
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin type A for glabellar lines.
Subjects and methods: A prospective before-and-after interventional study was conducted in 52 patients with moderate or severe glabellar lines at maximum frown at the International Department, Military Hospital 175, from January 2024 to June 2025. Efficacy was assessed using the Facial Wrinkle Scale (FWS), Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS), onset of effect, and patient satisfaction; safety was assessed through adverse events up to Day 30.
Results: The mean age was 40.8 ± 8.9 years, and 88.5% were women. The mean dose was 20.9 ± 1.8 U, and the median onset was 3 days. FWS at maximum frown decreased from 2.40 ± 0.50 at baseline to 0.94 ± 0.57 on Day 14 and 0.75 ± 0.52 on Day 30; FWS at rest decreased from 1.52 ± 0.75 to 0.58 ± 0.64 and 0.46 ± 0.58, respectively (both p < 0.001). On Day 30, 96.2% were satisfied or very satisfied. Adverse events occurred in 11.5%, were mild and transient, and no serious adverse event was recorded.
Conclusion: Botulinum toxin type A produced marked improvement in glabellar lines at 14-30 days, with rapid onset, high patient satisfaction, and predominantly mild, self-limited adverse events.
Keywords
botulinum toxins, type A, glabellar lines, Facial Wrinkle Scale
Article Details
References
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