KHẢO SÁT ĐẶC ĐIỂM MỘT SỐ CHỈ SỐ HUYẾT HỌC VÀ TÌNH TRẠNG THIẾU SẮT Ở PHỤ NỮ MANG THAI TẠI TRUNG TÂM Y TẾ BÌNH LIÊU, QUẢNG NINH NĂM 2025

Abstract

Background: Anemia in pregnant women remains a major public health concern, particularly in mountainous and socioeconomically disadvantaged areas. The assessment of hematological parameters in combination with iron status indicators plays an important role in the diagnosis and identification of the underlying causes of anemia.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of selected hematological parameters, iron deficiency status, and factors associated with anemia among pregnant women at Binh Lieu Medical Center, Quang Ninh Province, in 2025.

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 275 pregnant women attending antenatal care services at Binh Lieu Medical Center from March to August 2025. Complete blood count parameters and serum iron and ferritin concentrations were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.

Results: The mean age of the study participants was 25.66 ± 6.71. The prevalence of anemia was 37.5%, including 55.3% mild anemia and 44.7% moderate anemia. Most anemic pregnant women exhibited microcytic and hypochromic red blood cell characteristics, with decreased mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and increased red cell distribution width (RDW). Serum ferritin levels below 30 ng/mL were observed in 38.8% of anemic participants. A birth interval of less than 24 months and iron deficiency were significantly associated with anemia (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: The prevalence of anemia among pregnant women at Binh Lieu Medical Center remains high. Anemia was predominantly characterized by microcytic and hypochromic red blood cell features. Iron deficiency was significantly associated with anemia. Routine screening of hematological parameters and iron stores is essential for the early detection and prevention of anemia during pregnancy.