ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ ĐÁNH GIÁ KẾT QUẢ XỬ TRÍ NHAU TIỀN ĐẠO TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA ĐỒNG NAI NĂM 2024 - 2025

Abstract

Objective: Placenta previa is a leading cause of hemorrhage during the third trimester, labor, and the postpartum period. It presents a significant challenge for obstetricians due to the necessity of prolonged hospitalization for monitoring, increased risks of blood transfusion, preterm birth, and a higher incidence of peripartum hysterectomy (up to 5.3%), leading to elevated maternal mortality. Therefore, this study was conducted to describe the clinical characteristics and evaluate the management outcomes of placenta previa.

Methods: A study was performed on pregnant women admitted for delivery at Dong Nai General Hospital from April 2024 to December 2025.

Results: Pregnant women under the age of 35 accounted for 62.5% of the study population. Significant risk factors included a history of Cesarean section (40%), abortion (5%), and a prior history of placenta previa (2.6%). The study recorded that 100% of cases underwent Cesarean delivery, with emergency Cesarean sections accounting for 57.5% and elective procedures for 42.5%. The rate of intraoperative and postoperative blood transfusion was 15%. No postoperative complications, such as infection or organ injury, were observed (0%). Regarding neonatal outcomes, 95% of newborns achieved a 1-minute Apgar score of ≥7. However, the prevalence of low birth weight (<2500g) was 32.5%.

Conclusion: Placenta previa primarily affects the younger reproductive age group. A history of Cesarean section is the most common risk factor. Cesarean section remains the primary management strategy for delivery, with a high proportion of emergency cases. While no major postoperative complications were recorded in this study, the risks of low birth weight and neonatal asphyxia remain significant. These findings highlight the importance of stringent prenatal management to optimize maternal and neonatal outcomes.