MILLER AND CAIRO GINGIVAL RECESSION CLASSIFICATIONS: CORRELATION BETWEEN THE TWO SYSTEMS IN ADULTS AGED 18-45 YEARS IN HANOI, 2026
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective: To describe the distribution of gingival recession according to the Miller and Cairo classifications and to evaluate the correlation and level of agreement between these two classification systems in adults aged 18-45 years in Hanoi, in 2026.
Subject and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 118 participants with 2,189 teeth diagnosed with gingival recession. Gingival recession was classified according to the Miller (1985) and Cairo (2011) classification systems. The association between the two systems was assessed using the Fisher-Freeman-Halton Exact test, Spearman’s correlation coefficient and weighted Cohen’s kappa.
Results: Miller Class I (59,32% by participant; 70,99% by tooth) and RT1 (51,69%; 66,79%) were the most prevalent categories. The two classification systems were significantly associated (p<0,0001), demonstrating a moderate positive correlation at the participant level (r=0,486; κw=0,476) and a strong positive correlation at the tooth level (r=0,817; κw=0,682).
Conclusions: The Miller and Cairo classifications showed moderate to substantial agreement, supporting comparison and conversion between the two systems in research and clinical practice.
Keywords
Gingival recession, Miller classification, Cairo classification, Clinical attachment loss
Article Details
References
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