ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ XẸP NHĨ ĐỘ I, II TẠI BỆNH VIỆN A THÁI NGUYÊN

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and evaluate the treatment outcomes of Grade I and Grade II tympanic membrane retraction at Thai Nguyen A Hospital.

Subjects and Methods: A prospective uncontrolled interventional study was conducted on 34 patients (57 ears) diagnosed with Grade I or Grade II tympanic membrane retraction who were treated at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Thai Nguyen A Hospital from June 2025 to June 2026.

Results: Patients aged under 20 years accounted for the highest proportion (52.9%), and females represented 64.7% of the study population. Bilateral tympanic membrane retraction was observed in 67.7% of patients, while Grade II retraction accounted for 76.5%. Otoendoscopy revealed that retraction predominantly involved the pars tensa (89.5%), with a thin tympanic membrane observed in 64.9% of ears and contact between the retraction pocket and the long process of the incus in 49.1%. All patients received intranasal corticosteroids, and 85.3% were treated concomitantly with anti-allergic medications. After treatment, the mean pure-tone average improved from 18.53 dB to 14.17 dB. Otoendoscopic examination demonstrated complete recovery to a normal tympanic membrane in 86.0% of ears; no Grade II retractions remained, and only 14.0% of ears persisted with Grade I retraction.

Conclusion: Grade I and Grade II tympanic membrane retraction predominantly occurred in young patients and was commonly characterized by bilateral involvement and pars tensa retraction. Conservative treatment combined with management of Eustachian tube dysfunction achieved favorable outcomes, resulting in improved hearing and restoration of normal tympanic membrane morphology in most patients.