THỰC TRẠNG SỬ DỤNG THUỐC LÁ VÀ TIẾP CẬN DỊCH VỤ CAI THUỐC LÁ Ở NGƯỜI MẮC BỆNH MẠN TÍNH TẠI CÁC BỆNH VIỆN TUYẾN TRUNG ƯƠNG Ở VIỆT NAM NĂM 2025

Abstract

Objective: To describe smoking status and access to smoking-cessation services among patients with five chronic diseases (hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease - COPD, lung cancer) at central-level hospitals in Vietnam in 2025.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients aged 18 years and older diagnosed with at least one of five chronic diseases (ICD-10), attending 15 central-level hospitals in 11 provinces/cities. The estimated sample size was 3,710; 3,720 patients were recruited using controlled convenience sampling. Data were collected using an interview questionnaire combined with medical-record information; nicotine dependence was assessed using the Fagerström scale. Data were entered in Epidata and analyzed in Stata 12.

Results: 43.7% of patients had ever/currently used tobacco; 21.7% were current smokers and 22% had quit. Tobacco use was highest among patients with COPD, followed by lung cancer. Current smokers had smoked for an average of 44.9±15.2 years, with a mean Fagerström score of 4.5±2.3; 84.9% used conventional cigarettes and 62.7% intended to quit within 12 months. 60.3% of patients had accessed at least one source of tobacco-related information, mainly on personal health harms (93%); only 17.6% had accessed information on cessation methods and 29.4% had accessed counseling services at health facilities. Among those wanting to quit, only 31.6% knew about nicotine replacement therapy. Among those who had quit (94%), most did so unassisted.

Conclusion: Patients with common chronic diseases still show a notable prevalence of tobacco use, while access to information on cessation methods and to cessation-support services at health facilities remains limited. Screening, counseling, and cessation support should be more strongly integrated into chronic-disease management.