EVALUATION OF EMERGENCY SPLENECTOMY FOR BLUNT ABDOMINAL TRAUMA AT MILITARY HOSPITAL 103
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Abstract
Background: Among solid organ injuries caused by blunt abdominal trauma, splenic rupture is the most frequent presentation, predominantly occurring within multi-trauma contexts with acute clinical courses and substantial mortality risks.
Objective: To investigate and analyze the clinical outcomes of emergency splenectomy in managing traumatic splenic rupture.
Subjects and methods: A retrospective and prospective cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on a cohort of 116 patients with blunt abdominal trauma resulting in splenic rupture who underwent splenectomy at Military Hospital 103 between January 2019 and December 2025.
Results: Out of 116 surgically treated cases, emergency operative indications accounted for 38.8%. Splenic injuries graded by anatomic severity revealed Grade III at 4.3%, Grade IV at 75,9%, and Grade V at 19.8%. Coexisting intra-abdominal injuries included pancreatic trauma (22.4%), left renal rupture (4.3%), and jejunal laceration (1.7%). Postoperative complications were recorded in 14.6% of the cohort, specifically pancreatic fistula (11.2%), residual intra-abdominal abscess (1.7%), and deep vein thrombosis (1.7%). Overall clinical outcomes at discharge were rated as Good (84.5%), Moderate (11.2%), and Poor including mortality (4.3%). Multivariate analysis indicated that recovery success was highly correlated with the urgency of surgical admission and the presence of associated visceral injuries (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: Splenectomy remains a critical, life-saving intervention demonstrating high therapeutic success (84.5%). Given that traumatic splenic rupture frequently presents alongside complex adjacent organ damage, such as to the pancreas and kidney, rapid diagnostic workup and decisive surgical timing are paramount to optimizing patient survival and reducing morbidity.
Keywords
Blunt abdominal trauma, splenic injury, emergency splenectomy
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References
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