ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, HÌNH ẢNH TƯỚI MÁU NÃO VÀ ĐÁP ỨNG ĐIỀU TRỊ DỰ PHÒNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN ĐAU ĐẦU MIGRAINE TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TÂM ANH HÀ NỘI

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, cerebral perfusion imaging findings, and response to preventive treatment in patients with migraine.

Subjects and Methods: This retrospective study included 46 patients with migraine who were treated at the Outpatient Clinic of Tam Anh General Hospital, Hanoi, from January to December 2025.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 46.96 ± 15.8 years, and women accounted for 84.8% of the study population. Migraine without aura was observed in 69.6% of patients, whereas migraine with aura was present in 30.4%. Common associated symptoms included nausea or vomiting (36.9%), dizziness (28.3%), and photophobia (21.7%). Insomnia was reported in 54.3% of patients. Most patients experienced moderate-to-severe headache intensity (84.7%), pulsating pain (60.9%), episodic attacks (54.3%), and headache duration of less than 4 hours (69.6%). Headaches were commonly aggravated by physical activity, sleep deprivation, and stress. Cerebral perfusion imaging showed hyperperfusion in 47.8% of patients, no perfusion change in 30.4%, and hypoperfusion in 21.8%. Topiramate and amitriptyline were mainly used in patients with hyperperfusion or no perfusion change, whereas flunarizine was used relatively more frequently in patients with hypoperfusion (p < 0.05). After preventive treatment, headache intensity and attack frequency decreased in both the hyperperfusion/no-change group and the hypoperfusion group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: After three months of preventive treatment, headache intensity and migraine attack frequency decreased in patient groups classified according to cerebral perfusion characteristics. However, because of the retrospective study design and the absence of a control group, these findings are insufficient to establish the effectiveness of selecting preventive medication based on cerebral perfusion imaging.