ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG CỦA NGƯỜI BỆNH MẮC BỆNH GAN LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN RƯỢU TẠI KHOA NỘI TIÊU HÓA, BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA HÀ ĐÔNG

Abstract

Objective: To characterize the clinical and laboratory features of patients with alcohol-associated liver disease treated at the Department of Gastroenterology, Ha Dong General Hospital.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 187 patients with alcohol-associated liver disease admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology, Ha Dong General Hospital, between January 2025 and January 2026. Demographic characteristics, alcohol consumption history, clinical manifestations, hematological parameters, coagulation indices, and biochemical markers were collected and analyzed using SPSS software.

Results: The mean age of the study population was 53.75 ± 9.02 years. Patients aged 40–59 years accounted for 69.5%, and 99.5% were male. The mean age at initiation of alcohol consumption was 24.69 ± 4.72 years, the mean duration of alcohol use was 28.47 ± 7.88 years, and the mean daily ethanol intake was 226.82 ± 98.60 g. The most frequently reported symptoms were fatigue (68.4%), anorexia (51.9%), and nausea or vomiting (43.9%). The most common physical findings were pallor, jaundice, and ascites. Anemia was observed in 44.4% of patients, while thrombocytopenia was present in 33.7%. Macrocytosis was found in 35.8% of patients, and 31.0% had an INR > 1.2. Elevated aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase levels were identified in 88.8%, 43.9%, and 90.5% of patients, respectively. An AST/ALT ratio greater than 2 was present in 74.9%. Elevated total bilirubin and reduced serum albumin levels were found in 76.3% and 22.3% of patients, respectively.

Conclusion: Patients with alcohol-associated liver disease admitted to Ha Dong General Hospital were predominantly middle-aged men with prolonged and heavy alcohol consumption. Hematological abnormalities, impaired coagulation, elevated hepatocellular and cholestatic markers, hyperbilirubinemia, and hypoalbuminemia were common, suggesting that a substantial proportion of patients presented with advanced liver dysfunction. Comprehensive assessment of clinical manifestations, hematological indices, coagulation parameters, and liver biochemical tests is essential for evaluating disease severity and guiding clinical management.