DIAGNOSTIC VALUE OF HYSTEROSALPINGO-CONTRAST SONOGRAPHY FOR TUBAL PATENCY ASSESSMENT IN DETECTING UTERINE AND FALLOPIAN TUBE ABNORMALITIES IN INFERTILE WOMEN AT VINMEC TIMES CITY INTERNATIONAL GENERAL HOSPITAL
Main Article Content
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of saline infusion sonography for tubal patency assessment in detecting uterine and fallopian tube abnormalities in infertile women; to compare its ability to detect abnormalities with that of conventional ultrasonography; and to investigate associated factors.
Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional analytical study included 52 infertile women who underwent both conventional ultrasonography and saline infusion sonography for tubal patency assessment. The findings were compared with a reference standard. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were calculated with 95% confidence intervals.
Results: Saline infusion sonography detected at least one abnormality in 22 of 52 cases (42.3%), including fallopian tube abnormalities in 28.8% and uterine cavity abnormalities in 19.2%; tubal obstruction was the most common abnormality (19.2%). Compared with the reference standard, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy were 82.6%, 89.7%, 86.4%, 86.7%, and 86.5%, respectively. The detection rate of at least one abnormality was significantly higher with saline infusion sonography than with conventional ultrasonography (42.3% vs. 19.2%; p=0.002), particularly for tubal obstruction (19.2% vs. 7.7%; p=0.031). The prevalence of abnormalities was higher among women aged >35 years than among those aged ≤35 years (72.2% vs. 29.4%; p=0.004) and among women with secondary infertility than among those with primary infertility (60.9% vs. 31.0%; p=0.049).
Conclusion: Saline infusion sonography for tubal patency assessment demonstrated good diagnostic performance in detecting uterine and fallopian tube abnormalities in infertile women and a higher detection rate than conventional ultrasonography. This technique may be a useful tool for evaluating uterine morphology and tubal patency in women with infertility.
Keywords
Infertility, gynecologic ultrasonography, uterus, fallopian tubes, tubal obstruction, hydrosalpinx
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References
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