ĐẶC ĐIỂM MẠCH MÁU TRÊN DSA LIÊN QUAN VỚI HO RA MÁU NẶNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ CẦM MÁU SỚM SAU NÚT MẠCH

Abstract

Objective: To assess the association between selected vascular features on digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and severe hemoptysis, and to describe early hemostatic outcomes after bronchial and/or non-bronchial systemic artery embolization.

Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross - sectional study, combined retrospective and prospective data collection in 34 patients with hemoptysis who underwent arterial embolization at Thai Nguyen National Hospital from January 2024 to June 2026. DSA vascular features, hemoptysis severity, and early post-embolization outcomes were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0.

Results: Severe hemoptysis occurred in 52.9% (18/34). The largest bronchial artery diameter on DSA was 2.73 ± 0.49 mm in the mild group, 2.94 ± 0.52 mm in the moderate group, and 3.72 ± 1.01 mm in the severe group. Plexiform/reticular vascular proliferation was present in 88.9% of severe and 37.5% of non-severe cases (OR = 13.33; 95% CI: 2.24 - 79.44; p = 0.003); aneurysm was observed in 38.9% of severe cases and in none of the non-severe cases (95% CI: 1.12 - 415.37; p = 0.008); and arteriovenous shunt was present in 38.9% versus 6.2% (OR = 9.55; 95% CI: 1.02 - 89.23; p = 0.043). Non-bronchial systemic arteries were not significantly associated with severe hemoptysis (OR = 3.00; 95% CI: 0.70 - 12.93; p = 0.172). Technical success was 100.0% and early clinical success was 97.1%. No in-hospital visceral infarction was recorded.

Conclusion: Plexiform/reticular vascular proliferation, aneurysm, and arteriovenous shunt on DSA were associated with severe hemoptysis in this embolized cohort. Arterial embolization achieved high technical and early clinical success rates.