KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ NHÂN TUYẾN GIÁP LÀNH TÍNH BẰNG ĐỐT SÓNG CAO TẦN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN 108

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and to evaluate treatment outcomes of radiofrequency ablation for benign thyroid nodules at 108 Hospital.

Subjects and methods: A descriptive longitudinal study with retrospective and prospective data collection was conducted in 111 patients with benign thyroid nodules treated by radiofrequency ablation from January 2024 to June 2026. Assessments were performed before treatment and at 3 months (T3) and 6 months (T6). Main outcomes included nodule size and volume, symptom and cosmetic scores, complications, and overall treatment results.

Results: Women accounted for 90.1% of the sample and the mean age was 48.87 ± 13.01 years. Dysphagia, dyspnea, and self-detected neck mass were reported in 92.8%, 64.0%, and 58.6%, respectively. Mean baseline maximum diameter was 31.32 ± 9.42 mm, and 95.5% of nodules were Bethesda II. A single ablation session was sufficient in 98.2% of patients; mean procedure time was 33.09 ± 14.39 minutes. Maximum diameter decreased from 21.27 ± 7.23 mm at T3 to 14.80 ± 6.00 mm at T6, while volume decreased from 2.34 ± 2.65 mL to 0.95 ± 1.10 mL (p < 0.001). Mean symptom score decreased from 4.83 ± 1.60 at baseline to 2.09 ± 0.65 at T3 and 1.65 ± 0.47 at T6. Pain occurred in 17.1% and hematoma in 0.9%; no skin burns or major vascular injuries were observed. Good overall outcomes were achieved in 97.3%, and good volume-based outcomes in 98.2%.

Conclusion: Radiofrequency ablation substantially reduced nodule size, volume, symptoms, and cosmetic concerns over 6 months, with a low complication rate.