ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, GIẢI PHẪU BỆNH VÀ KẾT QUẢ BƯỚC ĐẦU PHẪU THUẬT RÒ LUÂN NHĨ BẨM SINH Ở TRẺ EM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI THANH HÓA

Abstract

Objective: To describe clinical and histopathological characteristics and evaluate early surgical outcomes of congenital preauricular sinus in children at Thanh Hoa Children’s Hospital.

Subjects and methods: A descriptive case series with longitudinal follow-up, combining retrospective and prospective data, included 130 children younger than 16 years who underwent surgery from January 2025 to July 2026. Clinical features, histopathology, surgical procedures, complications, and outcomes at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months were analyzed; recurrence beyond 3 months was also recorded.

Results: Mean age was 72.87 ± 48.12 months and 61.5% were female. Bilateral sinuses were present in 48.5%, although only 5/130 children underwent simultaneous bilateral surgery; 135 ears were operated on. Previous inflammation was reported in 98.5%, including three or more episodes in 50.8%; abscess was identified in 63.1% at examination. Keratinizing stratified squamous epithelium accounted for 86.2%, and stratified squamous epithelium overall for 96.9%. Simple tract excision was performed in 53.8%, excision combined with abscess incision/drainage in 39.2%, and reconstruction in 16.9%. Methylene blue was used in 95.4%. Postoperative infection and edema occurred in 0.8% and 2.3%, respectively. At 3 months, all wounds had healed well with no recurrent pit or abscess; 99.2% of parents/guardians were satisfied. One child developed recurrent cellulitis at month 5, yielding a recurrence rate of 0.8%.

Conclusion: Most children underwent surgery after recurrent inflammation or abscess. Early surgical outcomes were favorable, with low postoperative complication and recurrence rates. Longer follow-up is required to determine the durability of these results.