SURVEY OF HUMAN LEUKOCYTE ANTIGEN BY PCR-SSO METHOD AND ABO - RHESUS BLOOD GROUP BY GELCARD METHOD IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE WAITING FOR KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION AND DONORS AT CHO RAY HOSPITAL
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Abstract
Introduction: The success of kidney transplantation depends not only on surgical techniques but also on immunological compatibility between donors and recipients. Among the key determinants, compatibility of human leukocyte antigens (HLA) and the ABO and Rhesus (Rh) blood group systems plays a crucial role in reducing the risk of graft rejection and improving long-term graft survival. Investigating the distribution of HLA alleles together with ABO and Rh blood groups in kidney donors and recipients is important for optimizing donor–recipient matching, improving transplantation outcomes, and establishing a national database to support organ transplantation in Vietnam.
Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 446 blood samples, including patients with chronic kidney disease awaiting kidney transplantation and kidney donors. HLA typing was performed using polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSO) method, and ABO–Rhesus blood grouping was determined at the Blood Transfusion Center, Cho Ray Hospital, between January 2023 and September 2024.
Results: The distribution of ABO blood groups was O (49.33%), B (27.35%), A (18.39%), and AB (4.93%). Rh-positive and Rh-negative blood groups accounted for 99.55% and 0.45%, respectively. A high degree of HLA polymorphism was observed, with 14 HLA-A alleles, 23 HLA-B alleles, 13 HLA-DRB1 alleles, 6 HLA-DQA1 alleles, and 5 HLA-DQB1 alleles identified. The most frequent HLA alleles were A*02 (25.67%), A*11 (24.78%), B*15 (25.45%), B*07 (10.76%), DRB1*12 (29.82%), DRB1*09 (12.78%), DQA1*01 (35.09%), DQA1*06 (24.55%), DQB1*03 (50.90%), and DQB1*05 (27.02%). The most common HLA allele combinations were A11–B15 (7.34%), DRB112–DQA106 (15.47%), DRB112–DQB103 (21.36%), and DQA101–DQB105 (18.05%).
Conclusions: HLA antigens demonstrated substantial polymorphism among the study population. The most prevalent alleles were HLA- A*02, A*11, B*15, DRB1*12, DQA1*01, and DQB1*03. The most common HLA allele combinations included HLA- A*11-B*15, DRB1*12-DQA1*06, DRB1*12-DQB1*03, and DQA1*01-DQB1*05.
Keywords
Human Leukocyte antigen, ABO blood group, Rhesus, kidney transplantation
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References
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