NGHIÊN CỨU MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN TỪ MẸ VÀ CON ĐẾN VÀNG DA TĂNG BILIRUBIN GIÁN TIẾP Ở TRẺ SƠ SINH TẠI ĐƠN VỊ NHI SƠ SINH BỆNH VIỆN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC HUẾ

Abstract

Objective: to describe the clinical and laboratory features of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia and to identify maternal and neonatal risk factors of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia. Methods: A case-control study was carried out with 164 neonates and their mothers (82 cases : 82 control) at Neonatal Care Unit of Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital from 30/5/2021 to 20/6/2022. Results: 57.3% of cases of neonatal jaundice were female, 46.4% were preterm infants. There was 65.8% jaundice noted in the first 48 hours after birth, and 32.8% noted in first 24 hours of life. The average time to diagnosed neonatal jaundice was 41.5(26-64) hours. On the Kramer scale, 46.3% neonates were in zone 5 (jaundice extending to palms and soles), 20.7% in zone 1 and 2. The common causes of jaundice were neonatal infection (47.6%), prematurity (46.3%), ABO hemolytic disease of newborn (ABO HDN) (12%), polycythemia 12.2%. the average total bilirubin was 206.7 (81.8-383.1) (µmol/L).  Prevalence of anemia and polycythemia were 13.4% and 11%, respectively. Vaginal delivery, mother’s blood group type O, prematurity, low birth weight, neonatal infection, asphyxia had a significant association with neonatal jaundice in univariate analysis (p<0.05). Using multivariate analysis, we found that prematurity, low birth weight, mother’s blood group type O remained independent significant risk factors for neonatal jaundice development (p<0.05). Conclusion: It is nessecery to evaluate neonatal hyperbilirubinemia early in neonates with prematurity, low birth weight, infection, asphyxia or mother’s blood group type O.