KHẢO SÁT TÌNH HÌNH SỬ DỤNG KHÁNG SINH TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ NHIỄM KHUẨN ĐƯỜNG TIẾT NIỆU TẠI KHOA TIẾT NIỆU BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC TP. HỒ CHÍ MINH

Abstract

Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI) was considered to be one of the most common bacterial infections. The increase in antibiotic resistance and inappropriate use of antibiotics in the treatment of UTI have been reported worldwide. Objectives: To investigate types and resistance rates of pathogens that caused UTI, antibiotic use and factors associated with duration of treatment among patients diagnosed with UTI at Urology Department, University Medical Center Hochiminh City (UMC HCMC). Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 151 medical records diagnosed with UTI from October 2020 to March 2021 at Urology Department, UMC HCMC. Medical records of patients were reviewed for data analysis including demographics, results of laboratory tests, antimicrobial susceptibility and indicated antibiotics. Results: Gram – negative bacteria accounted for 81.1%, of which Escherichia coli (E. coli) was the most common bacteria (43.4%).  E. coli isolates showed high rates of susceptibility to amikacin, carbapenem, cefoperazone/ sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam and fosfomycin (> 91%) and lower rates of susceptibility to levofloxacin and TMP/SMX (43.5%). Fosfomycin and ertapenem were the most common empirical antibiotics observed. Approximately 54.5% of empiric antibiotics were assessed as appropriate according to UTI treatment guidelines. Age, diabetes mellitus and the identification of pathogens from microbiological test were positively related to patients’ length of hospital stay in the study population (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Results from the study suggested the implementation of updating pathogens’ resistance and adherence to treatment guidelines of UTI in clinical settings.