TÌNH TRẠNG VITAMIN A VÀ KẼM HUYẾT THANH Ở HỌC SINH TRUNG HỌC CƠ SỞ TRƯỜNG DÂN TỘC BÁN TRÚ HUYỆN TỦA CHÙA, ĐIỆN BIÊN NĂM 2018

Abstract

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2018 on 290 secondary school students from 04 ethnic minority boarding schools in Tua Chua district, Dien Bien province to describe the current situation of vitamin A and zinc deficiency. The results showed that the prevalence of sub-clinical vitamin A deficiency (Sub-VAD) was 9.7%; the prevalence of Sub-VAD risk was 37.2%. The mean of retinol concentration was 1.11±0.3 mmol/L. There was a statistically significant difference between the percentage of Sub-VAD risk and the mean of retinol concentration compared with age groups (p<0.001). The percentage of zinc deficiency was 73.4%; mean of serum zinc concentration was 9.21±1.65 mmol/L. The prevalence of Sub-VAD and Sub-VAD risk was higher in stunted students, H'mong ethnic, prepubertal, and boarding students. Boarding students have a higher prevalence of zinc deficiency than non-boarding students. Therefore, in order to improve vitamin A and zinc deficiency, it is necessary to improve nutritional status and the quality of meals at school; and to give attention to intervention according to the physiological status of the student, ethnic specificity, priority for students of the H'mong ethnic group.