ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN CỦA BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG MANG THAI

Abstract

Objectives: Comment on the clinical and subclinical of GDM. Comment on several factors that relate treatment results of  GDM. Subjects and methods: A retrospective and prospective description of 70 patients diagnosed with GDM, who had done medical examination and treatment at Bach Mai Hospital from 10/2020 to 10/2022. Results: Diabetes type 1 clinical symptomps (17,1%), type 2 (82,9%); average age 33.81±5.44(Min 24, Max 25). Time of recognition type 1 equal or lower than 5 years (77,14%), type 2 (84,5%). Histories of including diseases of GDM is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome – PCOS (8,6%), high blood pressure (10%). Obstetrical histories are big prenant and stillbirth(40%), miscarrying(15,7%). Family history who has diabetes or high blood pressure( 55,71%) with type II major than type I. BMI before childbirth 24,04 ±3,64 (Min 16,65, Max 36,76; obesity rate (62,85%). Excessive weight gain during childbirth 18 cases (25,7%). Pregnant women with pre-eclampsia and eclampsia  (12,9%). Average blood glucose during hunger quarter I (7.48 ± 1.73), quarter II (8.00 ± 2.22), risen up quarter III (8.54 ± 2.37). Average HbA1C quarter I (7.34±1.13), quarter II (8.68±9.32), quarter III (7.85±1.57) (Min 5,6%, Max 15,9%). GFR dropped from phase IIIa (1,4%). Ophthalmological examination for diabetic eye disease (11,4%). Polyhydramnious quarter III (38,6%). Target treatment rate (44,3%). Treatment based diet, frequent exercises and weight gain related to blood glucose (p<0,05). End of childbirth with premature babies 45 cases (64,3%), mostly Caesarean (97,4%), weigh 3,01±0,65kg, fetal malformation 16 cases (22,9%). Conclusion: Gestational diabetes mellitus patients with good glucose control (44,3%) Diet, exercise, and weight control during pregnancy are associated with the effectiveness of diabetes treatment. Good glycemic control reduces post-partum complications of mother and fetus.