LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ NGUY CƠ Ở BỆNH NHÂN NHỒI MÁU NÃO CẤP CÓ HẸP ĐỘNG MẠCH CẢNH TRONG ĐOẠN NGOÀI SỌ

Abstract

Objectives: Clinical features, imaging and risk factors in patients with acute ischemic stroke with stenosis of the extracranial internal carotid artery. Subjects and methods: A prospective descriptive study was performed on 100 patients diagnosed with acute cerebral infarction with stenosis of the extracranial internal carotid artery, examined and treated at the Neurology Center - Hospital. Bach Mai from July 2021 to September 2022. Results: The mean age in the study was 69.2 ± 9.7. The main age group is from 60 to 79 years old, accounting for 74%. The male/female ratio is 2.4/1. Age is evenly distributed in both sexes, the difference between the two groups is not statistically significant (p < 0.05). The NIHSS score at admission in patients gradually increased according to the degree of stenosis of the internal carotid artery: mild stenosis NIHSS score was 7.16 ± 3.06, moderate and severe stenosis was 9.70 ± 4.65, complete occlusion was 12.47 ± 3. 4.17. This difference is statistically significant with p<0.001. In the same patient, there are two or three foci of NMN in different regions. The area of ​​cerebral infarction is dominated by the middle cerebral artery, accounting for the highest rate of 77.6%. Infarct on MRI, mainly located in subcortical white matter (92%), paraventricular white matter (82%). The most common narrow site is the carotid aneurysm. Patients in the study had a major persistent extracranial carotid artery stenosis of over 70%. Nearly one-third of patients have complete occlusion of this artery. Conclusion: The older the age, the more carotid atherosclerosis increases the risk of cerebral infarction