ĐẶC ĐIỂM DỊCH TỄ HỌC, YẾU TỐ NGUY CƠ NHIỄM LEPTOSPIRA TẠI MỘT SỐ ĐỊA BÀN TRỌNG ĐIỂM

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the epidemiological characteristics, risk factors of Leptospira infection in some key areas. Subjects and methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study, sampling and testing by ELISA method to detect anti- Leptospira antibodies on 21,630 serum samples collected from 3 regions of the Northwest, the Central Highlands and the Southwest. Results: T The percentage of people carrying anti- Leptospira antibodies in all 3 regions was 7.37%. In which, the highest is in the Central Highlands at 8.24%, followed by the Northwest region at 7.81% and the Southwest region at 6.05%. This difference is statistically significant, with p < 0.05. The rate of carrying anti- Leptospira antibodies in males (8.15%) was higher than in females (6.51%), the difference was statistically significant, with p < 0.05. The percentage of people infected with Leptospira started to increase over 7.65%, in the age group 36-55, and the highest increase in the age group over 56 years old was: 9.64%. The difference was statistically significant, with p < 0.05. The proportion of Kinh ethnic group with anti-Leptospira antibodies is: 8.68%, higher than that of other ethnic groups, 6.04%, this difference has statistical significance with p<0.05. The percentage of people with Leptospira antibodies was highest among those who worked in the fields (8.72%), followed by soldiers at 7.82% and farmers with 6.28%. Other occupations have lower rates of Leptospira antibodies. For the group of people working in agriculture, military personnel have a higher risk of exposure to Leptospira than other occupations with p<0.05; OR= 3.96. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of anti- Leptospira antibody carriers was 7.37%. There are differences in the rate of infected people across regions, genders, ages, ethnicities, occupations and regions.