KHẢO SÁT TỶ LỆ TRẺ TỪ 18-36 THÁNG CÓ BIỂU HIỆN RỐI LOẠN PHỔ TỰ KỶ BẰNG THANG ĐIỂM M-CHAT TẠI TRƯỜNG MẦM NON Ở THÀNH PHỐ CÀ MAU 2020

Abstract

Background: Autism spectrum disorder is a complex disorder characterized by impairment in communication and social reflection, limitations on behavior, and repetition of behaviors. Early detection of children at risk of autism spectrum disorder for consultation, monitoring, and early intervention is essential. Objective: This study aims at determining the prevalence, related factors and clinical signs of children aged 18-36 months with symptoms of autism spectrum disorder using the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT). Materials and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in which teachers performed an M-CHAT questionnaire assessment for 528 children aged 18-36 months in kindergartens in Ca Mau city. Results: 302 (57,2%) boys and 226 (42,8%) females were recorded in which 35 (6,63%) are positive on the M-CHAT questionnaire. Questions on the M-CHAT questionnaire with high positive rates are question 3 (85,71%), 11 (80,0%), 19 (88,57%). The rate of positive for the M-CHAT scale is high in groups of children with speech delay (41,79%), children being suspicious of developmental disorders by parents (78,95%), and children being suspicious of developmental disorders by teachers (61,82%).  The differences were statistically significant. Conclusions: The proportion of children at risk of autism spectrum disorder is 6,63% reflecting the low sensitivity of the M-CHAT scale assessed by teachers. Children with speech delay or being suspicious of developmental disorders by parents or teachers are with higher positive rates.