NGHIÊN CỨU ĐẶC ĐIỂM VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN CỦA GÃY XƯƠNG ĐỐT SỐNG TRÊN NGƯỜI CAO TUỔI BỊ LOÃNG XƯƠNG

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate clinical and radiologic characteristics and related factors of vertebral compression fracture in the elderly with osteoporosis. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 296 older adults with osteoporosis at the Rheumatology and Neurosurgery department, and Rheumatology clinic, University Medical Center, from August 2022 to May 2023. Clinical symptoms, radiologic features, bone mineral density and related factors was collected. Results: Backpain (71,8% vs 11,8%, p <0,001) with the majority of VAS point between 4 – 6 (46,8%), height loss (61,8% vs 2,2%, p <0,001) and kyphosis (66,4% vs 2,7%, p <0,001) was more prevalent in older adults with vertebral fracture compared to those without fracture. On radiologic examination, the median number of vertebral fracture was 2 (1 – 2). T12, L1 and L2 vertebral bodies accounted for the most fractures. Wedge deformity (74,5%) and severe fracture (82,7%) was more frequent than other deformities and severity. In multivariate logistic regression model, age (OR 1,23; 95% CI 1,06 – 1,45; p <0,011), physical activity (OR 0,35; 95% CI 0,14 – 0,86; p <0,025), osteoarthritis (OR 0,25; 95% CI 0,07 – 0,92; p <0,037), fall (OR 3,47; 95% CI 1,34 – 9,58; p <0,013), previous height (OR 1,21; 95% CI 1,13 – 1,32; p <0,001), BMD in femoral neck (OR 0,00; 95% CI 0,00 – 0,03; p <0,001) was associated with vertebral compression fracture. Conclusion: Backpain, height loss, kyphosis can be useful to screen for vertebral fracture in the elderly with osteoporosis. Age, physical activity, osteoarthritis, fall, previous height, BMD at femoral neck are potential factors to be included in a diagnostic model for vertebral compression fracture.