THỪA CÂN BÉO PHÌ VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN CHĂM SÓC DINH DƯỠNG CỦA TRẺ MẦM NON HÀ NỘI

Abstract

Objective: The study aims to assess the status of overweight and obesity (TCBP) and some factors related to nutrition and exercise care of preschool children aged 24-59 months in Dong Anh and Dong Da districts. , Hanoi. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 1993 preschool students aged 24-59 months in Dong Anh and Dong Da districts, Hanoi. Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity of children aged 24-59 months in 2 districts was 8.03% and 4.16%, respectively. The father's BMI ≥ 23, the child's risk of obesity is 1.49 times higher, the difference is statistically significant (p<0.01). The mother's BMI ≥ 23 also increased the risk of child obesity 2.11 times (p<0.01). Maternal weight gain during pregnancy ≥ 12kg increases the risk of overweight-obesity child  by 1.77 times. Children born by caesarean section had a 1.53-fold higher risk of overweight-obesity than those born vaginally (p<0.01). Children with a birth weight of 3500-4000g have a 1.53 times higher risk of  overweight-obesity compared with children with a birth weight of 2500-3500g (p<0.01). Children who were not breastfed had a 1.59 times higher risk of obesity than breastfed children (p<0.05). Children who were given extra formula milk in the first 6 months had a 1.45 times higher risk of obesity than children who did not drink powdered milk in the first 6 months (p<0.05). Children who eat complementary foods before 6 months have 1.53 times higher risk of obesity than children who eat supplements after 6 months (p<0.01). Children who were weaned before 24 months had a 1.39 times higher risk of TCBP than children who were weaned after 24 months (p<0.05). Conclusions: Overweight and obesity in preschool children in Dong Anh and Hoan Kiem districts is related to high BMI of parents, high birth weight of children, inadequate nutritional care such as early complementary feeding, early weaning.