ĐÁNH GIÁ MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA SỰ MẤT ỔN ĐỊNH VI VỆ TINH VỚI MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG TRONG UNG THƯ ĐẠI TRỰC TRÀNG

Abstract

Introduction: Microsatellite instability (MSI) is one of three known molecular pathways of the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer. MSI is a prognostic indicator of colorectal cancer, which has a role in chemotherapy and immunotherapy planning, and contributes to Lynch syndrome screening. There are 3 methods to evaluate MSI status: PCR, IHC and NGS. Objective: Determine the rate of MSI and evaluate the association between MSI and some clinical and subclinical features of colorectal cancer at Hanoi Oncology Hospital. Subjects and methods: 156 patients with colorectal cancer are tested for MSI by IHC, NGS and are evaluated the association with clinical and subclinical features. Results: The rate of colorectal cancer with MSI tested by IHC is 10.9%, and by NGS is 11.5%. The sensitivity and specificity of the MSI test by IHC compared with NGS are 94.4% and 100% respectively. There is an association between MSI and: location, size, histopathological type, differentiation, microscopic invasion of the tumor and lymphocytic infiltration. This association is statistically significant with p < 0.05. There is no association between microsatellite instability and age, gender, lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Conclusion: The rate of MSI testing by IHC is 10.9%, by NGS is 11.5%. The sensitivity and specificity of the MSI test by IHC compared with NGS are 94.4% and 100% respectively. There is an association between MSI and: location, size, histopathological type, differentiation, microscopic invasion of the tumor and lymphocytic infiltration.