ĐẶC ĐIỂM TỔN THƯƠNG ĐỘNG MẠCH CẢNH Ở BỆNH NHÂN TĂNG HUYẾT ÁP KÈM ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TYPE 2 TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA CÀ MAU NĂM 2022 – 2023

Abstract

Background: Diabetes and hypertension are two chronic diseases of concern because they are increasing at a rapid rate globally. Objective: Describe the characteristics of carotid artery damage in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes at Ca Mau General Hospital, 2022 - 2023. Materials and methods: Research methods cross-sectional descriptive study at Ca Mau General Hospital on 100 hospitalized patients diagnosed with hypertension and type 2 diabetes during the period from July 2022 to July 2023. Results: A total of 55 females and 45 males participated in the study. The number of patients with diabetes and hypertension for more than 10 years accounted for 18% and 25%, respectively. There were 51% of patients with little physical activity and 23% of patients with BMI in the overweight or obese group. 81% of patients had abnormal LDL-c, 47% of patients had abnormalities in total cholesterol, triglycerides and HDL-c. Increased intima-media thickness was found in 30% of internal carotid arteries, common carotid arteries and external carotid arteries were only 9% and 3%. Vascular stenosis was detected in 30% of patients with stenosis of the internal carotid artery, common carotid artery in only 4% and external carotid artery in only 1%. 42% of atherosclerotic plaques were found in the internal carotid artery and were not detected in the remaining two arteries. Conclusion: More than 1/3 of patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes in the study had carotid artery damage. Detecting damage early will help control the risk of carotid artery disease and prevent strokes for patients.