XÁC ĐỊNH MỘT SỐ DỊ NGUYÊN THƯỜNG GẶP TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN VIÊM MŨI DỊ ỨNG BẰNG PANEL TEST 60 DỊ NGUYÊN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y HÀ NỘI

Abstract

Background: Allergic rhinitis is an inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa mediated by IgE antibodies when exposed to environmental allergens through the nasal passages. There are many allergens, and identifying the allergens helps allergic people avoid and limit the allergies. Panel test is a 60-allergen test. The test uses serum samples to determine whether the patient's blood contains allergen-specific IgE (Immunoglobulin E) antibodies, thereby identifying allergens that cause allergies and allergic rhinitis. Objectives: Describe the clinical characteristics of allergic rhinitis patients at Hanoi Medical University Hospital in 2022-2023 and evaluate the rate of common allergens in the above group of patients. Subjects and methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was held on 92 patients diagnosed with allergic rhinitis. Their panel tests were performed at Hanoi Medical University Hospital from July 2022 to June 2023. Results: The average age was 29.98, the average disease duration was 4.79 years. The patients' signs include itchy nose (82.6%), stuffy nose (92.4%), sneezing (93.5%), and runny nose (81.5%). Symptoms such as pale mucous membranes (100%) and swollen nasal turbinates (93.5%) appeared in most research patients, while nasal polyps were only seen at a rate of 18.5%. Allergens positive with high rates: IgE (100%), House dust mite (47.8%), D.pteronyssinus (53.3%), D.farinae (55.4%), Cockroaches (34.8 %), Shrimp (29.3%), Silkworm pupae (25%). Conclusion: The most common allergens causing allergic rhinitis in the studied patients were house dust, D.pteronyssinus, D.farinae, cockroaches, shrimp, and silkworm pupae. 7,6% of patients were allergic to 1 allergens, 31,5% to 2-4 allergens, and 28,3% to ≥ 5 allergens.