ĐẶC ĐIỂM MÔ BỆNH HỌC U NGUYÊN BÀO VÕNG MẠC TẠI BỆNH VIỆN MẮT TRUNG ƯƠNG NĂM 2022

Abstract

Objective: To describe the histopathological characteristics of retinoblastoma at the Vietnam National Eye Hospital in 2022. Research subjects and methods: Cross-sectional, retrospective descriptive study on 38 medical records and histopathological slides of patients with retinoblastoma treated at the Vietnam National Eye Hospital from January to the end of December 2022. Results: The study was conducted on 38 eyes of 38 patients, including 19 men and 19 women. The average age was 3.11 ± 2.56 years. There were 26 patients with monocular disease (68.4%) and 12 patients with binocular disease (31.6%). The rates of tumors infiltrating the anterior segment, choroid, sclera and optic nerve were 10.5%, 21%, 5.3% and 63.2%, respectively. There were 22 eyes (57.9%) without the presence of high-risk histopathological factors and 16 eyes (42.1%) with high-risk histopathological factors. The high-risk histopathological factors recorded were: anterior segment invasion (10.5%), massive choroidal invasion (18.4%), scleral invasion (5.3%), %), post-laminar optic nerve invasion (26.3%). Chemotherapy had no relationship with tumor invasion (p>0.05), however, it reduced the incidence of high-risk histopathological factors compared to untreated eyes (p=0.025). Conclusion: Retinoblastoma often invaded the the optic nerve but rarely penetrated the anterior segment, choroid and sclera. Chemotherapy reduced the incidence of high-risk histopathological factors compared with untreated eyes.