ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH TRẠNG VÕNG MẠC ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN HỮU NGHỊ

Abstract

Objectives: To evaluate the situation of diabetic retinopathy and some risk factors in diabetic patients at Huu Nghi hospital. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional description of 132 patients at Huu Nghi Hospital from May 2022 to December 2022. Patients who are diagnosed with diabetes at Huu Nghi Hospital can be able to sit on a chair and see the target in the machine. These patients are taken color images of the fundus. Fundus color image results are read by ophthalmologists who specialize in vitreoretinopathy, applying the classification of International Council of Ophthalmology 2017 – ICO. Results: The mean age was 75.7 ± 6.94, of which the age group >75 accounted for the majority with 50,75. Patients with diabetes mellitus >15 years accounted for the highest rate: 31.82%. Patients with hypertension, lipid metabolism disorder have a higher risk of diabetic retinopathy, respectively, 5.77 times (p=0,001; 95%CI = 1,89 – 17,59) and 4.68 times (p=0,002; 95%CI = 1,68 – 13,06) compared with none of above metabolic disorder conditions. There are 38/132 patients with diabetic retinopathy, accounting for 28.79%; in which there are 37/38 patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy, accounting for 97.37%. The most common form of retinal damage is microaneurysm, accounting for 81.58%. Conclusion: The rate of diabetic retinopathy was 27.27%, of which only 1 case was proliferative diabetic retinopathy, accounting for 0.76. Hypertension and lipid metabolism disorder are risk factors of diabetic retinopathy.