MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM CỦA BỆNH NHÂN U TUYẾN YÊN ĐIỀU TRỊ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of patients with pituitary adenomas and the results of pituitary adenoma treatment before and after surgery at Bach Mai Hospital. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional descriptive study conducted on 56 patients diagnosed with pituitary adenoma at Bach Mai Hospital from January 2022 to July 2023. Research data were processed and analyzed using SPSS 20.0 software. Results: The study was conducted on 56 pituitary adenoma patients undergoing tumor resection surgery. Patients were examined clinically, tested for pituitary hormones before and after surgery, and had magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland. The results of 56 patients were that 51.8% of the tumors did not secrete, 39.3% of the tumors caused hypopituitarism, 5.4% of the tumors secreted GH and 3.6% of the tumors secreted ACTH. ACTH-secreting tumors have the smallest tumor size, the largest tumor size is found in patients with hypopituitarism, the macroadenom/microadenom ratio is 27/1. 100% of secretory tumors (GH-secreting tumors and ACTH-secreting tumors) are non-invasive. Invading upwards and pressing on the ventricles is seen in patients with tumors that cause hypopituitarism and non-secreting tumors. After surgery, test indexes changed but were not statistically significant (p > 0.05). Some types of two types of GH-secreting tumors and ACTH-secreting tumors change GH and ACTH to normal limits (p < 0.05), Blood sugar in patients with GH-secreting tumors is easier to control, blood sugar and insulin dose change significantly. Neurological symptoms due to the tumor such as headaches were reduced (p < 0.05) however eye symptoms are reduced but not significantly (p > 0.05). 39.3% of pituitary adenoma patients had experienced additional complications after surgery, notably diabetes insipidus (23.22%) and hypopituitarism (3,57%). Results of magnetic resonance imaging of the pituitary gland 1 month after surgery, 46.42% of patients no longer had damage, while 26.79% still had damage.