KIẾN THỨC, THÁI ĐỘ VỀ DỰ PHÒNG PHƠI NHIỄM VỚI MÁU/ DỊCH TIẾT CƠ THỂ CỦA SV ĐIỀU DƯỠNG VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN

Abstract

Background: Exposure to blood/ body fluids in healthcare environment is a health problem that needs attention. When exposed, they are at risk of psychological trauma, affecting quality of life and increasing management costs. Nursing students are vulnerable to exposure incidents. The study aimed at: (1) Determining the level of knowledge and attitude about prevention of exposure to blood/body fluids of nursing students; (2) Identifying the relationship between demographic characteristics and knowledge and attitudes about prevention of exposure to blood/ body fluids. Subjects - Research methodology: This study utilized cross-sectional description and purposive convenience sampling. 298 nursing students in the 2nd, 3rd and 4th years of the University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, ranging from February to July, 2023. Research tools were: Vu Thi La's Knowledge scale (2021) and Hoang Thi Minh Thai's Attitude scale (2021) on prevention of exposure to blood/body fluids. Data analysis by using SPSS 25.0, Chi-Square or Fisher's Exact Test (when >20% expected coefficient <5), 95% confidence interval were used to identify associations. Results: The percentage of students with good, average, and poor knowledge was 3.4%, 96.0%; 0.7%, respectively; positive, neutral and negative attitudes was 11.4%; 84.2%; 4.4%, respectively. There was a statistically significant relationship (p<0.05) among the variables: academic year, exposure history, number of exposures with knowledge about prevention of exposure to blood/ body fluids. Specifically, 4^th-year students had higher knowledge (8.7%) than 2nd and 3rd year students (1.0%); those students who have been exposed to blood/ body fluids had higher knowledge (9.4%) than those students who have never been exposed (0.9%). Especially, students with the number of exposures ≥ 2 times with good knowledge (11.8%) were higher than students with 1-time exposure (5.9%). Conclusions: The majority of students had moderate knowledge and neutral attitudes about prevention of exposure to blood/ body fluids. Demographic characteristics were associated with knowledge about exposure prevention to blood/ body fluids.