XÁC ĐỊNH KIỂU GEN ĐỀ KHÁNG CLARITHROMYCIN Ở HELICOBACTER PYLORI BẰNG KỸ THUẬT GIẢI TRÌNH TỰ GEN 23S RRNA

Abstract

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is the main agent in most stomach and duodenal diseases and the main cause of stomach cancer. Clarithromycin (CLA) is an important antibiotic in standard triple therapy of treating H. pylori. Using molecular biological diagnostic methods such as PCR and gene sequencing, we can not only detect H. pylori in stomach tissue samples but also identify mutations resistant to CLA, such as A2142C, A2142G, and A2143G. A2115G, G2141A, A2144T and T2289C. Objectives: Determine the rate and distribution of clarithromycin resistance mutations in H. pylori based on point mutations using 23S rRNA gene sequencing in patients with gastric and duodenal ulcers. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study from November 2022 to May 2023, performing gene sequencing techniques to determine CLA resistance genotypes on H. pylori and collecting social characteristics, clinical symptoms, and epidemiological factors. Results: The rate of carrying the CLA antibiotic resistance mutation was 81.2%, of which the A2143G mutation accounted for 77.7%, the C2182T mutation accounted for 8.2%, and no cases with the A2142G mutation were detected. Factors: gender, relatives infected with H. pylori, not regularly washing hands, and raising animals in the house are all related to the rate of carrying CLA antibiotic resistance mutations, with statistical significance p < 0.05. Conclusions: The rate of patients with H. pylori infection carrying CLA resistance mutations is very high, 81.2%. The emergence of new mutations reduces the effectiveness of H. pylori eradication in treatment regimens for patients with gastric ulcers – duodenum.