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CLINICAL, PARA-CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS OF ACUTE ISCHEMIC STROKE IN NON-VALVULAR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION PATIENTS
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Abstract
Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in adults, accounting for 2 to 4% of the population [1]. It is also a major risk factor for acute ischemic stroke. In patients with AF, the risk of acute ischemic stroke is 5 times higher [2] and the risk of death more than 2 times higher [3] than in the general population. Ischemic stroke in AF patients causes more disability, higher medical costs, and higher rates of recurrence and mortality than in patients without AF. Therefore, risk stratification of acute ischemic stroke is fundamental in the treatment of AF. Clinically, nonvalvular AF accounts for more than 95% of diagnosed AF cases [4] and is involved in approximately 15% [5] of all ischemic strokes, thus increasing interest. Objective: To investigate the clinical and laboratory characteristics in patients with non-valvular AF at Military Hospital 175; To investigate the risk factors for acute ischemic stroke in patients with non-valvular AF at Military Hospital 175. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 103 patients visited the Cardiac Department, Military Hospital 175, Febuary 2020 to April 2021. AF was diagnosed based on a 12-lead ECG. Acute ischemic stroke was diagnosed according to the World Health Organization criteria. Clinical and laboratory characteristics were collected according to a questionnaire. Results: A total of 103 nonvalvular AF patients participated in the study, 25 of them have acute ischemic stroke (24.3%). The average age is 72.02. Male is 46.6%. Nearly 95% of patients have at least one comorbidity and nearly 50% have ≥ 3 comorbidities. Predictive factors for high risk of ischemic stroke in patients with nonvalvular AF are non-adherence to prescribed medication and prior stroke history. Conclusion: Physician should focus on educating AF patients about the consequences of ischemic stroke and the benefits of adherence to prescribed medication. Non-adherence to to prescribed medication increases the risk of acute ischemic stroke by 14.9 times. A history of stroke increases the risk of acute ischemic stroke by 11.2 times.
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References
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