HỘI CHỨNG CHÂN KHÔNG YÊN VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN THẬN NHÂN TẠO CHU KỲ

Abstract

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS) is a common sensory-motor neurological disorder, especially prevalent in end-stage kidney disease patients, with associations to sleep and mood disturbances. Objectives: The study aimed to determine the prevalence, severity, and factors related to RLS in hemodialysis patients. Materials and Methods: The study involved 257 patients undergoing periodic hemodialysis at a Kidney and Urology Center and Bach Mai Hospital, who were interviewed using the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) diagnostic criteria. They also completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaires. Results: Among the study participants, 51 cases (19.8%) were diagnosed with RLS, with the highest prevalence in the 51-60 age group (39.2%). The average severity score was 18.35 ± 7.84, with 13 patients having mild RLS, 21 moderate, 14 severe, and 3 very severe RLS. RLS severity was linearly associated with sleep quality impairment (r = 0.608; p = 0.000) but not with anxiety or depression. Age, gender, and BMI were not related to RLS. The average hemodialysis duration was significantly higher in the RLS group compared to the non-RLS group (p = 0.005). There were no statistically significant differences in various laboratory parameters, including hemoglobin, serum iron, transferrin saturation (TSAT), calcium, phosphorus, calcium-phosphorus product, and albumin between the RLS and non-RLS groups. Chronic comorbidities, anemia, and iron deficiency did not significantly differ between the two groups. Conclusion: Restless Legs Syndrome is highly prevalent in patients undergoing periodic hemodialysis. The severity of the condition is closely related to sleep disturbances, while the presence of anxiety and depression does not significantly affect its severity. Patients with RLS had longer average hemodialysis times. There were no statistically significant differences in anemia, iron deficiency, BMI, and laboratory parameters between RLS and non-RLS patients.