ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG CỦA BỆNH NHÂN TÁI NHẬP VIỆN SAU COVID-19 VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ NGUY CƠ LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN THỜI GIAN NẰM VIỆN

Abstract

Background: About 10-20% of COVID-19 patients are readmitted to the hospital within 30 to 90 days after discharge. This readmission can lead to adverse outcomes, increased mortality, and impose economic and healthcare burdens on families and society. Objectives: Describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients who are readmitted to the hospital and identify risk factors associated with length of hospital stay. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted on 52 COVID-19 patients readmitted to the hospital during the first six months of 2022. Results: The average age was 63.48 ± 2.1 years. Among them, 27% had a history of severe COVID-19 and 11.5% had a history of critical COVID-19. Common reasons for readmission were difficulty breathing, cough, fever, and chest pain. The majority of readmitted patients (67.3%) required respiratory support, and 38.5% of them required mechanical ventilation. Most patients had increased D-Dimer levels (average 2029.07 ± 406.61) and increased CRP levels (average 50.97 ± 8.95). Chest X-ray abnormalities were the most common imaging findings. The average length of hospital stay was 24.5 days, and the majority of patients (71.2%) had a hospital stay longer than 14 days. Age, severity of previous COVID-19, need for mechanical ventilation, CRP, urea, and lung consolidation on chest X-ray were positively correlated with length of hospital stay, while Hb and LDH were negatively correlated. Independent risk factors for a hospital stay longer than 14 days were a history of severe COVID-19 and the presence of lung consolidation on chest X-ray at admission. Conclusion: COVID-19 patients who are readmitted to the hospital often have respiratory difficulties or respiratory failure and require respiratory support. Most hospital stays last longer than two weeks. Independent risk factors for a longer hospital stay include a history of severe COVID-19 and lung consolidation on chest X-ray at admission.