ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG U LYMPHO HODGKIN TRẺ EM TẠI VIỆN HUYẾT HỌC - TRUYỀN MÁU TRUNG ƯƠNG GIAI ĐOẠN 2017 - 2023

Abstract

The study describes the clinical and laboratory features of 22 pediatric patients diagnosed with Hodgkin's lymphoma at the National Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion in the period 2017 - 2023. Results showed that pediatric patients’ age ranged from 4 to 15 years old with the median age of 13. The incidence rate in boys is higher than in girls (male/female is 1.4/1). Regarding clinical features, common symptoms of the disease include enlarged lympho nodes (81.8%), anemia (50%), and B syndrome (45.5%). Enlarged lymph nodes were mainly found above the diaphragm, including cervical (86.4%), mediastinal (68.2%), and axillary lympho nodes (59.1%). Extranodal lesions are rare, of which the most common is anterior mediastinal tumor (18.2%). Regarding laboratory features, classic Hodgkin lymphoma accounts for a high proportion (91.9%), of which the two most common subtypes are nodular sclerosis (36.4%) and mixed cellularity (31.8%). Among those with classic Hodgkin’s lymphoma, CD30 was positive in all cases, CD15 was positive in 80%. The majority of pediatric patients admitted to the hospital are in the late stages (III, IV), which accounted for 63.7%. Peripheral blood formula showed that 54.5% of pediatric patients had an increased number of white blood cells, mainly neutrophils while the number of lymphocytes was within normal limits.